When the blood pressure is unusually high, a disease known as hypertension, sometimes known as high blood pressure, develops. The smallest blood arteries in the body, called arterioles, constrict under the influence of hypertension, which forces the heart to pump blood against the artery walls with excessive force. Even while the heart and blood arteries may endure high blood pressure for months or even years, ultimately the heart may grow (a condition known as hypertrophy) and become so weak that it fails. Blood arteries in the brain, eyes, and kidneys may potentially sustain damage. Systolic and diastolic pressures are really measured together to form blood pressure. The force that blood applies to the artery walls when the heart contracts to pump blood to the peripheral organs and tissues is known as the systolic pressure, which is the highest pressure and the first figure measured. The residual pressure that the heart exerts on the arteries as it relaxes between beats is known as the diastolic pressure, which is the lower pressure and the second number that is measured. When blood pressure hits or exceeds 140/90 mmHg, or "140 over 90 millimeters of mercury," hypertension is declared. You must see a doctor immediately.

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